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Application and design method of steel structure

The various characteristics of the steel structure determine its high practicability, and it is mainly suitable for some large-scale industrial and civil projects.
In a large-span structure, due to the large span, the support of the structure cannot be too much, and its own weight has become an important influencing condition for determining the size of the span. The steel structure just makes up for this shortcoming, it can not only complete various load tasks, but also can highlight the advantages of light weight. Basically, steel structures such as the Bird's Nest, Pudong Airport, and the National Grand Theater are used. Many industrial plants, especially heavy industrial plants, mainly use steel structures for their skeletons. Some temporary structures take advantage of steel construction in terms of loading and unloading. In some major wind-loaded structures such as cell towers, high voltage transmission towers and some bridges.
Due to the small wind area of ​​the steel structure, the natural wind has little effect on it. When a high-rise supertall building increases in height, the best option for the upper part is to use a steel structure. In practical applications, some containers, pipe supports, and hoisting are all steel structures. Steel structures should meet several requirements, safety and reliability, durability and economical availability. In order to meet the above requirements, it is necessary to master its load bearing type, its own characteristics and various connection technologies.
There are two main design methods for steel structures, one is the traditional design method, which is called the allowable stress design method. The method is a bit rigid, taking the various forces of the steel structure as fixed values, and then applying a general safety factor based on the load-bearing capacity of the structure. This method is simple and practical, but not accurate enough. Another method is limit state design. Unlike the previous method, as a random variable, mathematical theory provides a clear analysis method. Although it is cumbersome, the calculation results are accurate and suitable for some Steel structures with strict requirements on the structure.